用于机器人轨迹定位纠正系统的回声状态神经网络研究

循环神经网络(RecurrentNeuralNetworks)是人工神经网络(ArtificialNeuralNetworks)中重要的分支,与前馈神经网络(ForwardNeuralNetworks)相比具有更好的时间序列学习能力。但长期以来其学习法一直不能脱离前馈神经网络而自成一体,回声状态神经网络(EchoStateNetworks(ESN))是打破这一局面的全新学习方法。其独特的结构,良好的短期记忆能力,方便的学习方法,不俗的非线性特性是以前循环神经网络所不可比的。本文在介绍了回声状态神经网络之后将其用于四轮机器人的位置测量系统中,有良好的表现。     

智能轮椅中人机界面的分类及评估

本文针对目前智能轮椅中已出现的诸如语音交互、头部运动等种类繁多的人机界面进行了归纳整理，从人的意识行为和能动性角度提出了一种新的分类方法，进而对各类人机界面的适用人群、硬件构成、成本估算以及产业化前景等方面进行了分析。从而有利于人机界面的行业标准的制定，也使得开发人员能够迅速定位自己开发产品所需的人机界面。     

Theory of edge perception for computer vision feedback control

In this paper, the authors address the problem of edge-perception for its applications to vision-feedback control in robotic systems.In natural vision, the recognition of objects takes place through the process consisting of eye system, neural networks and cognition. The cognitive process, in turn yields a phenomenon known as perception. This is the phenomenon of perception of physical attributes, such as edges, color and texture, etc., which is responsible for the recognition of objects through the natural vision processes.In this paper, we make an attempt to postulate the theory of perception for gray-level images. The gray-level images, when going through the cognitive and perception processes, are contaminated by the uncertainty; here we call it cognitive uncertainty.The studies in this paper are confined to the phenomenon of edge-perception for two-dimensional gray-level images, however, these studies can be extended to other types of visual attributes both in two-dimensional and three-dimensional spaces. Indeed, the perception of these attributes, which attempts to emulate the human vision system, may help in the design of a truly robust computer vision-feedback control system for robotic applications.     

基于偏差向量的机器人装配系统零件抓取精度分析

应用偏差向量描述了影响机器人抓取零件过程的各种误差，提出了计算零件抓取成功性方法，在引入手爪的偏差矫正能力的概念后，建立了确定零件抓取精度的模型，该模型适合于各种零件抓取过程，是研究机器人装配系统的装配精度和装配质量的基础。     

CCWELD:A CIM system for robotic arc welding

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An open-source multi-DOF articulated robotic educational platform for autonomous object manipulation

This research presents an autonomous robotic framework for academic, vocational and training purpose. The platform is centred on a 6 Degree Of Freedom (DOF) serial robotic arm. The kinematic and dynamic models of the robot have been derived to facilitate controller design. An on-board camera to scan the arm workspace permits autonomous applications development. The sensory system consists of position feedback from each joint of the robot and a force sensor mounted at the arm gripper. External devices can be interfaced with the platform through digital and analog I/O ports of the robot controller. To enhance the learning outcome for beginners, higher level commands have been provided. Advanced users can tailor the platform by exploiting the open-source custom-developed hardware and software architectures. The efficacy of the proposed platform has been demonstrated by implementing two experiments; autonomous sorting of objects and controller design. The proposed platform finds its potential to teach technical courses (like Robotics, Control, Electronics, Image-processing and Computer vision) and to implement and validate advanced algorithms for object manipulation and grasping, trajectory generation, path planning, etc. It can also be employed in an industrial environment to test various strategies prior to their execution on actual manipulators.     

Underactuated fingers controlled by robust and adaptive trajectory following methods

Choosing an appropriate control scheme to alleviate nonlinearities and uncertainties is not a trivial task, especially when models are not easily available and practical evaluation provides the only means for actual performance assessment. Various factors can contribute to these nonlinearities and uncertainties, such as friction and stiction. Thus, this article investigates four different control schemes, namely PID, adaptive, conventional sliding mode control (SMC) and integral sliding mode control (ISMC) which are implemented in the Bristol Elumotion Robot Hand (BERUL) to analyse and overcome the aforementioned problems. The hand has five fingers with 16 joints and all fingers are underactuated. The implementation of the proposed control schemes are challenging since the BERUL fingers have significant friction, stiction and unknown parameters. The fingers are light in weight and fragile. Comparative performance characteristics have shown that the ISMC is the most suitable candidate to provide good experimental trajectory following and positioning control for underactuated BERUL fingers.     

适用于RPA工具的卷积序列推荐算法

在机器人流程自动化(Robotic Process Automation, RPA)软件中,经常采用序列推荐系统让机器人完成判断、选择等人工处理的任务。然而常用的序列推荐系统受限于序列信息的提取困难等问题,难以得到广泛应用。为了解决这一问题,构建一种基于Inception的卷积序列推荐模型,把时间和潜在空间中的用户行为序列信息嵌入进一幅“图像”中,并通过动态和静态2种不同的卷积层提取其中的局部特征,全面地提取用户的短期兴趣偏好,同时将用户嵌入矩阵作为用户的长期兴趣偏好嵌入到卷积层的输出中,共同构建完整的用户兴趣偏好,提升推荐性能。通过在3种公开数据集MovieLens 1M、Gowalla、Steam上分别进行实验,验证了基于Inception的卷积序列推荐模型的性能优于最新的序列推荐模型,在Top-N序列推荐的3种评价指标中（精确率、召回率、平均AP值）,平均提升幅度在10%左右,单个指标上的最大提升幅度为14%。     

A systematic literature review on intelligent automation: Aligning concepts from theory,practice, and future perspectives

With the recent developments in robotic process automation (RPA) and artificial intelligence (AI), academics and industrial practitioners are now pursuing robust and adaptive decision making (DM) in real-life engineering applications and automated business workflows and processes to accommodate context awareness, adaptation to environment and customisation. The emerging research via RPA, AI and soft computing offers sophisticated decision analysis methods, data-driven DM and scenario analysis with regard to the consideration of decision choices and provides benefits in numerous engineering applications. The emerging intelligent automation (IA) – the combination of RPA, AI and soft computing – can further transcend traditional DM to achieve unprecedented levels of operational efficiency, decision quality and system reliability. RPA allows an intelligent agent to eliminate operational errors and mimic manual routine decisions, including rule-based, well-structured and repetitive decisions involving enormous data, in a digital system, while AI has the cognitive capabilities to emulate the actions of human behaviour and process unstructured data via machine learning, natural language processing and image processing. Insights from IA drive new opportunities in providing automated DM processes, fault diagnosis, knowledge elicitation and solutions under complex decision environments with the presence of context-aware data, uncertainty and customer preferences. This sophisticated review attempts to deliver the relevant research directions and applications from the selected literature to the readers and address the key contributions of the selected literature, IA’s benefits, implementation considerations, challenges and potential IA applications to foster the relevant research development in the domain.     

六自由度检修机械臂合理路径规划系统设计

为减少六自由度检修机械臂抓取动作花费的时间,设计一种六自由度检修机械臂合理路径规划系统。此次研究的系统硬件部分主要包含主控制器、伺服电机控制器与通信模块。系统软件部分,计算出机器人与障碍物之间的距离,并计算出所有机器人上点与障碍物之间的距离,采用设置虚拟障碍物的创新型人工势场法进行路径规划,避免传统人工势场法的弊端,以保证机器人与障碍物之间有一定的安全距离,以此完成六自由度检修机械臂合理路径规划。实验结果表明,在有障碍的情况下,此次研究的六自由度检修机械臂合理路径规划系统在2~4 min之内就能够完成抓取动作,并且此次研究的系统控制后的关节曲线较为平稳,证明此次研究的六自由度检修机械臂合理路径规划系统具有较好的控制效果,满足了系统设计需求。